National News
India’s Gem & Jewellery Exports Drop 11.72% in FY25 Amid Global Pressures
Studded gold and platinum jewellery buck trend with positive growth; CPD and silver exports see sharp declines
India’s gem and jewellery (G&J) exports declined by 11.72% in the financial year 2024-25, totaling USD 28.5 billion, compared to USD 32.28 billion in FY24. The industry grappled with multiple global challenges including sluggish demand in key markets like the US and China, ongoing geopolitical tensions, and rising competition from lab-grown diamonds.
Despite the overall decline, exports of studded gold jewellery rose by 14% year-on-year to USD 6.1 billion, and platinum jewellery exports also saw an uptick of 11.79% to USD 182.75 million. In contrast, exports of cut and polished diamonds (CPD), the sector’s largest component, plummeted 16.75% to USD 13.2 billion, while silver jewellery exports dropped a staggering 40.58% to USD 962 million.
The imposition of a 26% US tariff on certain goods triggered a last-minute surge in exports, with over USD 1 billion worth of shipments sent in the 10 days prior to the tariff’s implementation — a sign of underlying global demand potential.
On the import front, gross G&J imports fell 11.96% to USD 19.6 billion, down from USD 22.2 billion in the previous fiscal year. Imports of rough diamonds, a key raw material, dropped 24.27% in value to USD 10.8 billion, while the volume declined 16.2% to 1,044.34 lakh carats.
Exports of lab-grown polished diamonds were also impacted, declining by 9.64% to USD 1.2 billion.
Gold jewellery exports were relatively stable, recording only a marginal decline of 0.11% to USD 11.21 billion. Of this, plain gold jewellery contributed USD 5.1 billion.
Signs of recovery were visible from January 2025 onwards, with month-on-month growth, although still trailing behind year-on-year figures. Exports in March 2025 were USD 2.5 billion, showing a modest 1.02% growth over February, but slightly below the USD 2.55 billion recorded in March 2024.
Industry players remain cautiously optimistic, citing stabilizing diamond prices and improving market sentiment as early indicators of a turnaround, despite ongoing global uncertainty.
India’s appetite for borrowing against gold is reshaping the country’s credit landscape. Outstanding gold-backed loans have surged 128% from a year earlier, crossing Rs.4 lakh crore ($48 billion) for the first time, according to data from the Reserve Bank of India. As of Jan. 31, loans secured by gold jewellery stood at Rs.4,00,517 crore, marking one of the fastest expansions in retail credit in recent years.
The boom in gold loans has helped propel overall non-food bank credit growth to 14.4% year-on-year. Personal loans now account for 34.5% of total bank lending, outpacing other segments and underscoring a broader shift toward consumer-driven credit expansion
Gold loans alone contributed roughly 9% of incremental bank credit during the period. Between January 2024 and January 2026, outstanding gold-backed credit rose by nearly Rs.3.1 lakh crore—an increase of about 338% over two years—more than quadrupling the size of the portfolio.
Two factors are driving the surge. First, gold prices have climbed roughly 152% over the past two years, increasing the collateral value of household holdings. Second, regulatory guidance requiring banks to classify loans secured by gold explicitly as gold loans has sharpened reporting and accelerated balance-sheet growth in the segment.
The trend highlights a distinctive feature of India’s financial system: households’ vast stock of physical gold, long viewed primarily as a store of wealth, is increasingly being mobilized as collateral for formal credit.
While personal lending and credit to nonbank financial companies within the services sector continue to expand rapidly, industrial credit remains uneven. Loans to micro, small and medium enterprises are growing steadily, but borrowing by large corporations has stayed relatively muted.
Since March 21, 2025, banks have added Rs.21.8 lakh crore to their non-food loan books, translating into 12% growth for the financial year to date. Yet it is gold—rather than factories or infrastructure—that is emerging as one of the most dynamic engines of India’s current credit cycle.
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