JB Insights
The State of Fashion:Luxury 2025
McKinsey & Company and BoF Insights report
Global fashion faces challenging landscape
The ninth annual State of Fashion report by McKinsey & Company and BoF Insights highlights the challenging landscape the global fashion industry faces in 2025. With economic uncertainty, changing consumer behaviors, and evolving market dynamics, the year is expected to be a critical juncture for many brands.
Overview
Economic Challenges: 80% of executives foresee no improvement in the industry, and only 18% rank sustainability as a top concern, down from 29% in 2024. Consumer confidence and spending remain major issues.
Key Drivers: Price sensitivity, the rise of dupes, climate change acceleration, and reshuffled global trade create a difficult environment.
Geographic Shifts: Growth engines in Asia, particularly India, Japan, and Korea, are becoming pivotal as China faces economic challenges.
Themes Driving the Agenda
Trade Reconfigured: Brands are diversifying sourcing to align with evolving trade policies and sustainability targets. Nearshoring and political alignment are critical considerations.
Asia’s Growth Engines: While China slows, India, Japan, and Korea are emerging as vital markets for growth.
Discovery Reinvented: AI-driven curation in e-commerce promises to help overwhelmed shoppers navigate abundant choices.
Silver Spenders: The growing over-50 demographic offers new opportunities for incremental growth, emphasizing the need for inter-generational appeal.
Value Shift: Resale, off-price, and dupe markets are flourishing as consumers seek better value amid persistent economic pressures.
The Human Side of Sales: Enhancing in-store experiences by empowering well-trained sales staff can drive demand for physical retail.
Marketplaces Disrupted: Online non-luxury marketplaces face existential challenges, struggling with declining demand and rising customer acquisition costs.
Sportswear Showdown: Challenger brands are rapidly gaining market share, driving competition in the dynamic sportswear segment.
Inventory Excellence: Advances in inventory management and agile supply chains are key to addressing margin pressures and meeting sustainability goals.
The Sustainability Collective: Collective action is essential to meet decarbonization goals despite consumer reluctance to pay premiums for sustainable products.
Looking Ahead
The industry’s outlook remains sluggish, with revenue growth stabilizing in low single digits. Luxury’s dominance in profit creation is challenged by non-luxury segments for the first time since 2010. Brands that act nimbly to address geographic shifts, demographic changes, and technological innovations will find opportunities amid the turbulence.
Growth in the jewellery sector will be fueled by rising demand from ultra-high spenders and continuous investment from luxury houses in technology and expertise.
The new playbook for 2025 emphasizes adaptability, localization, and sustainability, while redefining value and consumer engagement. The fashion sector must innovate, embrace technology, and prioritize long-term resilience to navigate this period of reckoning successfully.
JB Insights
From Customer Intelligence To Autonomous Growth Intelligence: Deepansh Bhargava
From Customer Intelligence To AI-powered Growth Decisions, The Next-Gen CDP Is Built To Create Measurable Incremental Value.
For the last 6 years, Customer Data Platforms have transformed how brands understand their customers. They have brought fragmented data together, created unified customer profiles, enabled segmentation and made personalisation more intelligent. But the next evolution of CDPs will not be defined by how much customer data they can organise. It will be defined by how intelligently AI can convert that data into consumer value and incremental business outcomes.
The shift is from Customer Intelligence to Growth Intelligence.
Businesses today know more about their existing customers than ever before their purchase history, frequency, preferences, lifetime value and likelihood of buying again. Yet the larger opportunity lies in moving beyond what customers did to understanding what they need next, where their behaviour is changing and where the next phase of growth will come from. This also requires a sharper focus on incrementality.

Revenue, ROAS, conversions and engagement tell us what happened. But they do not always tell us how much of that outcome was created because of an intervention and how much would have happened anyway.
That difference is the Delta. AI can help take CDPs beyond systems of customer intelligence and turn them into systems of consumer and commercial decision intelligence. Instead of simply identifying customers with a high propensity to purchase, an intelligent growth system could identify intent, unmet needs and moments that matter then evaluate opportunities across acquisition, retention, frequency, basket size, category penetration, pricing, media, events and geography to identify where the highest incremental growth opportunity lies.
Growth intelligence should also help businesses identify where growth is likely to disappear. Early signals from customer behaviour, categories, geographies or spending patterns could reveal risks long before they become visible in the P&L. AI could identify the source of the risk, estimate its potential commercial impact and recommend interventions to change the trajectory. This is where the future becomes particularly interesting.
AI should not just predict customers. It should increasingly help predict the business.
The next generation of AI agents could continuously monitor customer behaviour, sales, categories, inventory, geographies, media and store performance. They could identify anomalies, form hypotheses, estimate commercial impact, recommend interventions, test them and measure the incremental outcome.
The role of the marketer would evolve from simply managing campaigns to managing the intelligence, strategy and guardrails around a more autonomous growth system.
This evolution can be built around three principles: Anticipate, Act and Account.
1. Anticipate where consumer needs and growth will emerge and where they may disappear.
2. Act by identifying and eventually executing the most relevant intervention for the consumer and the business.
3. Account for whether that intervention genuinely created incremental value.

The CDP of the future, therefore, should move beyond being a platform that simply manages customer data. It should become a Growth Decision Platform one that helps businesses understand consumers better, identify opportunities, detect risks, recommend actions, measure incrementality and continuously learn from every intervention. The ultimate measure of such a platform should not be the volume of data it manages.
It should be much simpler:
Show me the Delta you create.
Because ultimately, consumer centricity is not the opposite of growth. It is where sustainable growth begins.
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