JB Insights
Gold loans shine brightest in India’s retail credit segment
According to Reserve Bank of India (RBI) data, outstanding loans against gold jewellery soared 103% to ₹2.09 lakh crore as of March 2025, up from ₹1.03 lakh crore a year earlier, making gold loans the fastest-growing category even as overall bank credit growth slowed
Several factors have converged to fuel this remarkable expansion:
- Rising Gold Prices: The value of pledged jewellery increased as gold prices surged, enabling borrowers to secure larger loans against the same collateral.
- Regulatory Shifts: The RBI’s crackdown on unsecured lending, particularly personal and microfinance loans, prompted both banks and non-banking finance companies (NBFCs) to pivot toward secured lending products like gold loans
- Loan Reclassification: In 2023, the RBI directed banks to reclassify certain agricultural loans as gold loans, further boosting the reported figures
- Shift from Informal to Formal Sector: Regulatory tightening and digital onboarding have encouraged borrowers to move from informal lenders to banks and NBFCs, especially in southern India where gold-backed lending is deeply entrenched
Market Impact and Outlook
Gold loans now account for approximately 3.5% of total retail credit, up from 1.2% five years ago
Lenders highlight the appeal of gold loans for their low credit risk and quick disbursal, with repeat customers often leveraging rising gold prices to refinance or increase their borrowing limits.
Contrary to popular perception, gold loans are not limited to financially distressed borrowers. Banks report growing demand from small businesses and middle-class households seeking short-term working capital, with average ticket sizes exceeding ₹1 lakh and low default rates.
JB Insights
US Holiday Sales Will See 5.5% Growth For 2026 : Mastercard Economics Institute
This Resilience Reflects A Robust Labor Market, Rising Household Wealth, and Broad-Based Consumer Demand Across Income Cohorts. Overall, The 2026 Holiday Season Showcases An Adaptable U.S. Consumer Using Digital and AI Tools To Maximize Value While Continuing To Drive Broader Economic Momentum.
The Mastercard Economics Institute (MEI) forecasts a strong 2026 U.S. holiday shopping season (November 1–December 24), projecting retail sales excluding gas and autos to grow 5.5% year-over-year (YoY). This resilience reflects a robust labor market, rising household wealth, and broad-based consumer demand across income cohorts.
Key Drivers and Growth Channels
- Channel Performance: E-commerce continues to lead with an expected 11% YoY growth, but in-store sales are set to grow 3.6%—their strongest pace since 2022. This highlights the critical role of omnichannel strategies.
- Inflation Dynamics: Inflation accounts for 2.8 percentage points of the total 5.5% growth. Unlike last year’s tariff pressures, current price increases are driven by elevated energy/diesel costs and the massive AI infrastructure buildout.
- Calendar Shifts: A late Thanksgiving compresses the shopping window, pushing retailers toward early promotions. Additionally, Cyber Monday falling in November will shift significant online volume into the month.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence
AI is reshaping both prices and consumer behavior:
- Tech Inflation: High demand for memory chips and data infrastructure components has driven a 12.2% YoY increase in prices for info-processing equipment. Consequently, the consumer electronics category is projected to post outsized nominal sales growth (+10.7% YoY).
- AI Power Users: Consumers with paid AI subscriptions demonstrate distinct “optimization” habits. Data shows these users plan early, shop across a wider variety of boutique and specialty merchants, and aggressively target promotions during Thanksgiving weekend before transitioning to experience and hospitality spending in December.
Last-Minute Shopping Behavior
The final rush to Christmas offers key operational insights for retailers:
- In-Person and Malls: The final week before Christmas sees heavy physical store foot traffic, especially in enclosed shopping malls where consumers can complete multi-category purchases. Climate also plays a role: warmer-state residents (e.g., Florida, Nevada) are far more likely to make last-minute in-store runs than those in colder states.
- Transaction Value Trends: Average order values for children’s items peak near Black Friday, while premium categories—such as jewelry, cosmetics, luxury handbags, and department stores—see transaction values climb steadily from December 15, peaking on Christmas Eve as procrastinating shoppers pay a premium for convenience.
AI tools lower search costs for consumers, making price transparency higher than ever. Retailers must capture early November demand through targeted promotions before comparison tools push shoppers toward alternative or boutique brands.
Last-minute shoppers are price-inelastic and seeking speed. Malls and physical stores should maximize inventory for high-margin, rush-gift items (jewelry, cosmetics, designer goods, gift cards) in the final 10 days, leveraging store availability over promotional discounting.
Overall, the 2026 holiday season showcases an adaptable U.S. consumer using digital and AI tools to maximize value while continuing to drive broader economic momentum.
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